An Evaluation on Computer Aided Design, Analysis and Mechanical Properties of Hatch Cover Opening Hooks

Ömer ŞENGÜL, Menderes KAM
Volume 7: Issue 4, Dec 2020, pp 91-100


Author's Information

Ömer ŞENGÜL1
1Phd Student, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey.

Menderes KAM2 
Corresponding Author
2Assistant Professor, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey.
mendereskam@duzce.edu.tr

Research Article -- Peer Reviewed
Published online – 19 December 2020

Open Access article under Creative Commons License

Cite this article – Ömer ŞENGÜL, Menderes KAM “An Evaluation on Computer Aided Design, Analysis and Mechanical Properties of Hatch Cover Opening Hooks”, International Journal of Analytical, Experimental and Finite Element Analysis, RAME Publishers, vol. 7, issue 4, pp. 91-100, Dec 2020.
https://doi.org/10.26706/ijaefea.4.7.20200807


Abstract:-
Warehouses inside the ship are of great importance in maritime transport. Due to the adverse weather conditions in maritime transport, hatch covers must be manufactured appropriately and installed on ships. In this study, Computer Aided Design (CAM), manufacture, analysis, and mechanical properties of hatch cover opening hooks used to close stock type warehouse lids in maritime transport were examined. In literature studies, the mechanical properties of St-37, St-52, St-44, St-70, AISI 4140, Weldox 700 and Hardox 600 steels and aluminum 6061 materials used as hook materials were examined. In the studies, it is seen that curved crane hooks and the same materials are preferred in these hooks. It was concluded that it would be appropriate to use St-37 from structural steels, AISI 4140 steel from tempered steels and high strength Weldox 700 steels as hook material. There is a need for the design and manufacture of special hooks for cranes made to open and close the hatch covers. Hook design and analysis by Finite Element Method (FEM) should be done and stress values should be examined, and accretion stress points should be determined by this FEM and a reliable manufacturing should be done. In addition, optimum conditions will be achieved by designing and manufacturing hooks with economical, long life and high mechanical properties.
Index Terms:-
Hatch cover, Hooks, CAD, FEM, Mechanical Properties
REFERENCES
  1. S. Dedetaş, Composite hatch cover application for cargo ships, İTÜ / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Gemi İnşaatı ve Gemi Makineleri Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı / Gemi İnşaatı ve Gemi Makineleri Mühendisliği Bilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Haziran 2019. November 15, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  2. K. Kunal, C. Kannan, S. Surendran, “Hatch cover analysis of cape size bulk carriers and suggestion for alternate materials,” Proceeding of MARTEC, 11-12 December 2010, BURT, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Accessed: November 15, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  3. A. Hansen, “Reliability Methods for the Longitudinal Strength of Ships,” DTU, Denmark, 1995. Accessed: November 15, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  4. O. Jensrud, T. Hoiland, “A new advanced profile shaping technique for design and manufacturing of automotive components - the ExtruForm,” Proceedings of the ET08, vol 2, Orlando, 2008. Accessed: December 10, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  5. R. J. Scott, J. H. Somella, “Feasibility study of glass reinforced plastic cargo ship,” Ship structure committee, 224, 1971. Accessed: October 25, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  6. C. Çivi, N. Tahrali, E. Atik “Reliability of mechanical properties of induction sintered iron-based powder metal parts,” Materials & Design, 53, pp. 383-397, 2014.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  7. Nautic EXPO Maritime equipment - Hatch cover. Accessed: October 15, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  8. United State Patent- Folding Cover System for Hatches, Accessed: October 16, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  9. T.Yaoa ,A.Magainob, T.,Koiwab, S. Satoa, Collapse strength of hatch cover of bulk carrier subjected to lateral pressure load, Marine Structures, vol. 16, 8, November–December 2003, pp. 687-709.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  10. Cargo Handling Book. Accessed: October 20, 2020
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  11. Hansen, Ragnar E., GRP Hatch Covers for Large Seagoing ShipsDesign Challenges and Solutions, Hansen Engineering and Consulting, E-lass Meeting, 2008.Accessed: October 15, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  12. Um, Tae-Sub, Roh, Myung-Il,. “Optimal dimension design of a hatch cover for lightening a bulk carrier,” Int. J. Nav. Archit. Ocean. Eng. 7, 270e287, 2015. Accessed: October 15, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  13. Evangelista, Joe, WaSde Stewart, H., Swaim, Caryln, Rife, James P. The History of the American Bureau of Shipping 150th Anniversary, seventh ed. ABS, Houston, ISBN 0-943870-03-8, 2013. Accessed: November 15, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  14. Haffner, Sascha M. Cost Modeling and Design for Manufacturing Guidelines for Advanced Composite Fabrication (PhD Thesis). Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 2002.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  15. P. Lengvarský, M. Mantič, R. Huňady, “Design and strength analysis of C-hook for load using the finite element method,” MATEC Web Conf. Volume 313, Dynamics of Civil Engineering and Transport Structures and Wind Engineering – DYN-WIND’2020, 16 April 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  16. K.B.Vanporia, V.Pandyo, J.Kaisha, “Design Analysis and Weight Optimization of Lifting Hook,” Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), December 2016, Vol. 3, Issue 12.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  17. S. Nakka, M. Florence, M. Maisuria, D. Patel, “Finite element analysis of crane hook, National Conference on Progress,” Research and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering, March 2017, SCET, Surat, Gujarat, India.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  18. R.A. Pawar, V.W. Wagh, K.H. Munde, “Stress Analysis of Crane Hook with Different Cross Section Using Finite Element Method,” 2019 JETIR January 2019, Volume 6, Issue 1, SSN-2349-5162. Accessed: October 10, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  19. A.Reddy, “Static Analysis of Crane Hook with T-Section Using Ansys,” July 2015, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 25(1):53-58.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  20. R.Tarale, R. Dalavi, S. Patil, A. Patil, “Structural and Modal Analysis Of Crane Hook With Different Materials Using FEA,” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 04 Issue: 06 | June-2017. October 12, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  21. Y. Tripathi, U.K. Joshi, “Comparison of Stress Between Winkler-Bach Theory and Ansys Finite Element Method For Crane Hook With A Trapezoidal Cross-Section,” IJRET, eISSN: 2319-1163, Volume: 02 Issue: 09 | Sep-2013. October 12, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  22. St37-3U Chemical composition and Mechanical properties. Accessed: October 16, 2020
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  23. İ. Saraç, “Numerical Investigation of The Effect of The Overlap End Angle Change on The Joint Strength In Simple Overlap Bonding Joints,” Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 25, Sayı 1, 2020. October 12, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  24. B. Karab, M. Tasar, “St 37 Karbonlu Çelik Malzeme Ara Bağlantı Aparatı Delme ve Bükmenin Teorik ve Deneysel İncelenmesi,” 2011. October 12, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  25. M. Ghareri, M. Gerami, R. Vahdani, “Performance Assessment of Bolted Extended End-Plate Moment Connections Constructed from Grade St-37 Steel Subjected to Fatigue,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering/ Volume 32 Issue 5 - May 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  26. C.P. Paul, H. Alemohammad, E. Toyserkani, A. Khajepour, S. Corbin: Cladding of WC-12Co on low carbon steel using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser, Materials Science Engineering A, 464 (2007 ), pp. 170-176.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  27. M.R. Raadgari, R. Jamaati, H.J. Aval, “Microstructure, and mechanical properties of IF/St52 steel composite produced by friction stir lap welding,” Materials Science and Engineering: A Volume 772, 20 January 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  28. M. R. Raadgari, R. Jamaati, H.J. Aval, “Fabrication of a 2-layer laminated steel composite by friction stir additive manufacturing,” Journal of Manufacturing Processes Volume 51, March 2020, Pages 110-121.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  29. E. Zahang, Y.Zhoo, Z.Wang and W.Li, “Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of structural steel-mild steel composite plates fabricated by explosion welding,” International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials volume 27, pages1115–1122, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  30. S. Angkasa, W.S.B.Prastya, A.Puspitasari, A.Aminnudin, “Phase Identification and Mechanical Properties on Post Weld Heat Treatment of Steel St.70,” Key Engineering Materials Vol. 851, pag. 53-60, July 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  31. Chemical Composition and Material Properties of Aluminium Alloys 6061. Accessed: October 16, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  32. N. Yongkimandolan and D. Setyonto, “Stress distribution analysis of two aluminum hook models by photoelasticity method,” International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 12, Number 12 (2017) pp. 3145-3150.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  33. M. Pul, “Comparison of Surface Roughness and Tool Wear in Turning of 7075, 6061 and 2024 Aluminum Alloys,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Cilt/Volume:9 Sayı/Issue:2 Haziran/June 2017.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  34. M. Kam, H. Saruhan ve T. Güney, “Kriyojenik işlem ve sıcak işlem uygulanmış millerin deneysel titreşim analizi,” İleri Teknoloji Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(3), 21-30, 2016.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  35. M. Kam, "Kriyojenik İşlem Görmüş Millerin Dinamik Davranışlarının Deneysel Analizi. Doktora Tezi", Düzce Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Düzce, 2016.

  36. M. Kam, H. Saruhan, “Kriyojenik işlem uygulanmış millerin yuvarlanmalı ve kaymalı yataklarda deneysel titreşim analizi,” Politeknik Dergisi; 22(1), 129-134, 2019.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  37. M. Kam, Effects of deep cryogenic treatment on machinability, hardness and microstructure in dry turning process of tempered steels, Proc IMechE Part E: J Process Mechanical Engineering, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  38. X. Xinke, W. Yaopei, V.Vesshinin, C. Lin, L. Yanshan, “Effect of Lode angle in predicting the ballistic resistance of Weldox 700E steel plates struck by blunt projectiles,” International Journal of Impact Engineering vol. 128, June 2019, Pages 46-71.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  39. Hardox Material. Accessed: November 21, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  40. L. Konat, B. Biolobrzeska, P. Bialek, “Effect of Welding Process on Microstructural and Mechanical Characteristics of Hardox 600 Steel,” Department of Materials Science, Welding and Strength of Materials, Wroclaw University of Technology, Smoluchowskiego Street 25, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland, 5 September 2017.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  41. H. O. Alkan,. 2x160 Ton Portal Krenin Tasarımı ve Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemiyle Gerilme Analizi, Yüksek lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE, 2009.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  42. A.Vizzaccono, A.Givois, P.Longobordi, Y.Shen, J.F.Deü, L.Salles, C.Tavze, O.Thomas, Non-intrusive reduced order modelling for the dynamics of geometrically nonlinear flat structures using three-dimensional finite elements, Computational Mechanics (2020) 66:1293–1319.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  43. I. Gerdemeli , S. Kurt , G. Akgun, Design and Analysis with Numerical Method of Gantry Crane Hook Block, International Conference on Innovative Technologies, IN-TECH 2013, Budapest, 10. - 12.09.2013.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  44. E. R. Khan, V. S. Kardile, P. D. Dhakane, A. P. Gore, B. D. Mahajan, “Design and Analysis of Crane Hook with Different Materials,” Int. J. Innov. Emerg. Res. Eng, 4(3), 227-233, 2017.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  45. Y. Onur, Computer Aided Lifting Hook Modeling and Stress Analysis, Erzincan University, Journal of Science and Technology, 2018, 11(2), 231-236.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  46. Y. Tripathi, U. K. Jashi, Comparison of Stress Between Winkler-Bach Theory and Ansys Finite Element Method for Crane Hook with A Trapezoidal Cross-Section, International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 09 Sep-2013.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  47. Kule Vinçlerin Güvenli Kullanımına İlişkin Uygulama Rehberi Ankara-2018. Accessed: December 3, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  48. Neitzel, Richard L., Noah S. Seixas, ve Kyle K. Ren. “A Review of Crane Safety in the Construction Industry,” Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2010, 16:1106-1117.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  49. T. Altinbalik, Y. Çan, Ekstrüzyon Tipi Dövme Proseslerinde Farkli Kalip Geometrilerinin Kuvvet Ve Malzeme Akişina Etkisi, 10 Nisan 2009, Accessed: November 20, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  50. S. H. Valberg, “Applied Metal Forming–Including FEM Analysis”, part 14, Cambridge University Press, 2010. Accessed: November 20, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  51. Nazik, C. “Alüminyum matrisli B4C parçacık takviyeli kompozitlerin toz metalürjisi yöntemiyle üretimi ve mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya, 2013.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  52. H. Şen, “Halat Kancası İmalatı İçin Bileşik Kalıp Tasarımı,” Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Kocaeli, 2005.
                                                                                                                                                   Crossref


  53. H. Şen, Y. Kişioğlu, “Halat Kancasi İmalati İçin Bileşik Kalıp Tasarımı,” TİMAK-Tasarım İmalat Analiz Kongresi 26-28 Nisan 2006 – Balıkesir. Accessed: November 25, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


  54. Döküm Teknolojisi Ders Notu. Accessed: November 28, 2020.
                                                                                                                                                   Online


To view full paper, Download here .


To View Full Paper

Publishing with